Out-of-Step Protection Using State-Plane Trajectories Analysis

摘要: This paper proposes a novel out-of-step protection technique using the state-plane representation of generator speed and power angle. The critical clearing angle is computed principle that total energy system at instant fault cleared should be equal to maximum potential system. time corresponding value obtained directly calibration relative versus power-angle solution curve. simultaneous calculation make proposed approach much faster than two-blinder scheme. prediction scheme used detect first swing condition in two-area test system-wide information. two generators are represented with single-machine infinite bus equivalent system, algorithm applied reduced equivalent. Electromagnetic transient simulations carried out PSCAD/EMTDCTM systems. simulation studies show method computationally efficient accurate. also does not require any offline studies.