Orbital Evolution of Planets Embedded in a Planetesimal Disk

摘要: The existence of the Oort comet cloud, Kuiper belt, and plausible inefficiencies in planetary core formation all suggest that there was once a residual planetesimal disk mass ~10–100 M⊕ vicinity giant planets following their formation. Since removal this requires an exchange orbital energy angular momentum with planets, significant migration can ensue. planet phenomenon is examined numerically by evolving orbits while they are embedded having MD = 10–200 M⊕. We find Saturn, Uranus, Neptune evolve radially outward as scatter planetesimals, Jupiter's orbit shrinks it ejects mass. Higher disks result more rapid extensive migration. If expansion resonance trapping invoked to explain eccentricities Pluto its cohort belt objects at Neptune's 3:2 mean motion resonance, then our simulations order ~ 50 required expand Δa 7 AU, pump up Plutino e 0.3. Such implies solar system compact past, initial Jupiter-Neptune separation been smaller about 30%. discuss fate remnants primordial disk. point out most beyond 2:1 should reside nearly circular, low-inclination orbits, unless (or were) additional, unseen, distant perturbers. also source cloud comets. Using results together simple treatment dynamics, we estimate ~12 material initially deposited which ~4 will persist over age system. majority these comets originated from Saturn-Neptune region nebula.