Ecological constraints on the first prehistoric farmers in Europe

摘要: Abstract The Neolithic Revolution, which witnessed the transformation of hunter–gatherer groups into farming communities, is traditionally viewed as event that allowed human to create systems production that, in long run, led present-day societies. Despite large corpus research focused on mechanisms and outcomes transition, relatively little effort has been devoted evaluating whether particular production-oriented adaptations could be integrated a broad range ecological conditions, if specific cultural traditions differed ecologically. In order investigate differences between geographic distributions three major Early archaeological cultures are related exploitation different suites environmental we apply genetic algorithm maximum entropy niche modeling techniques reconstruct compare niches within principal (Impressed Ware, Cardial Linearbandkeramik) spread across Europe ca. 8000 7000 cal yr BP. Results show these occupied mutually exclusive conditions and, thus, were adapted distinct essentially non-overlapping niches. We argue historical processes behind Neolithization influenced by factors predisposing occupation regions most suited adaptations.