CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PHYSIOLOGY OF GASTRIC SECRETION. I: GASTRIC SECRETION BY LOCAL (MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL) STIMULATION

摘要: 1. Mechanical distension of the stomach stimulates gastric secretion in man and dog, latter with without vagi intact. The latent period is from five to fifteen minutes. This substantiates opinion older physiologists, particularly Magendie, Beaumont, Heidenhain. Pavlov would have come this conclusion if he had divided vagi, as made similar observations ours but assumed that stimulation was psychic. 2. application certain substances, such raw meat juice, β-alanine, histamine when applied mucosa quantities insufficient cause distension, excites secretion. Strong NaCl solutions, glucose (50 per cent.) solution, Liebig's extract stimulate, not extent above substances do, formation mucus being markedly augmented. Cane-sugar, starch, fats do stimulate applied. Water used a quantity sufficient adequate distension. specific chemical excitation others. 3. absorbed unanaesthetised animals permitted remain for half one hour. 4. by mechanical or sub-maximal chemicals, inhibited hypodermic administration 1 mg. atropine introduction into intestine, which agents are known inhibit occurs after ingestion meal. Fat only slightly inhibits action excitants. 5. Various preparations our work described, including preparation pouch entire cut an anastomosis œsophagus has possible many makes more experimental solution important problems gastro-intestinal physiology. 6. mechanism concerned discussed working hypothesis suggested, follows: All stimuli excite act essentially increasing active blood-flow through glands; means accomplished may be quite varied, motility some way involved. We hold view exclusion others; example, we believe enteric reflex play role; since does suffice explain meals denervated pouch, all attempts up date failed prove hormone humoral mechanism, it better adopt offers common mechanism. realise runs counter accumulated evidence on saliva, must kept mind nature two secretions differs radically. 7. Our offer satisfactory explanation at least part hypernormal (“hypersecretion”) observed occur cases pyloric obstruction. 8. analysis factors (1)The cephalic phase, heretofore referred “psychic secretion” demonstrated Pavlov, excited chiefly taste, smell, mastication palatable food, sight hypnotic suggestion food. term rejected because necessarily psychic, been shown absence cerebral cortex (65). (2)The effective, recorded paper. (3)The intestinal acting recently Ivy M'Ilvain (27) proven question doubt succeeding article.