The influence of exchangeable cations on the carbonization of biomass

摘要: Abstract Cations of calcium and potassium added to wood through ion exchange have unique effects on the thermal decomposition wood. Addition ions increases temperature affects char yield only slightly, while addition reduces significantly yield. These are distinct from salts same elements or similar materials absorption a solution salt. For instance, carbonate absorbed cellulose its temperature, although it has opposite effect when exchange. The primary sites for believed be glucuronic acids in hemicellulose fraction, is therefore likely that exchanged cations due primarily their influence this component. When naturally occuring inorganic species removed by acid washing, reduced cellular structure can lost during carbonization, particularly at high heating rates.