Human-cell mutagens in respirable airborne particles in the northeastern United States. 1. Mutagenicity of fractionated samples.

摘要: Few studies have characterized the regional scale (300−500 km) variability of mutagenicity respirable airborne particles (PM_(2.5)). We previously collected 24-h PM_(2.5) samples for 1 year from background, suburban, and urban sites in Massachusetts (MA) rural upstate New York (NY) (n = 53−60 per site). Bimonthly composites these were mutagenic to human cells. The present report describes our effort identify chemical classes responsible samples, quantify spatial differences mutagenicity, compare composited different ways. Organic extracts HPLC fractions (two nonpolar, one semipolar, polar) annual tested h1A1v2 cells, a line B-lymphoblastoid cells that express cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 cDNA. potency (induced mutant fraction μg organic carbon) semipolar was highest at all five sites, accounting 35−82% total vs nonpolar (4−38%) polar (14−32%) fractions. These results are consistent with previous studies. While unfractionated exhibited no variations, NY ∼2-fold higher than MA sites. This suggests there may be significant sources and/or transport transformation compounds PM_(2.5). In addition, sensitive whether fractionated how they composited:  composite significantly less their average bimonthly composites; not apparent composites.