Habitat security and diets for recovery of Alberta grizzlies: lessons from coastal BC, Alaska and Yellowstone

摘要: Brown bears (Ursus arctos) in North America vary widely their densities from a maximum of 550 /1000 km2 coastal Alaska to less than 5 for mountain the north; this variation has been attributed differences food base. The impacts security and perceived risk on exploitation energy rich environments also have significant demographic rates within populations. Increasing density habitat identified as an important step restoration maintenance small brown bear populations Europe is equally applicable at America. Where persist high they are productive ecosystems, where protection low productivity land which survive marginal. Drawing examples Yellowstone, British Columbia we will present case using areas enhanced habit source source-sink model conservation species edge its current range halt retreat Alberta.