Mechanisms of long-distance seed dispersal

摘要: Growing recognition of the importance long-distance dispersal (LDD) plant seeds for various ecological and evolutionary processes has led to an upsurge research into mechanisms underlying LDD. We summarize these findings by formulating six generalizations stating that LDD is generally more common in open terrestrial landscapes, typically driven large migratory animals, extreme meteorological phenomena, ocean currents human transportation, each transporting a variety seed morphologies. often associated with unusual behavior standard vector inferred from morphology, or mediated nonstandard vectors. To advance our understanding LDD, we advocate vector-based approach identifies significant vectors quantifies how environmental conditions modify their actions.