Reversible and irreversible compaction of ultrafiltration membranes

摘要: Abstract This study evaluates differences in reversible (after relaxation) and irreversible compaction the effect of on performance three different ultrafiltration membranes. The evaluation is based results from both off-line on-line measurements compaction. were done with an ultrasonic time-domain reflectrometry (UTDR) tool improved resolution compared to tools used earlier studies. reveal that regenerated cellulose membrane compacted significantly more than tested polyethersulphone dissimilarity originates materials significant structures. It also found compaction, whether made or off-line, are not predictive for performance. For instance, UH030 was negligible but its permeability decrease retention increase due significant. Compaction decreased cut-off values 30 kDa membranes lower 8 kDa. thus indicate skin layers compact causing remarkable changes Thickness occurring scale layer thicknesses out limits methods far available monitoring real-time. Real-time measured information phenomena further needed be able distinguish flux caused by concentration polarization effects