9.33 Field and Laboratory Experiments in Fluvial Geomorphology

摘要: This chapter reviews a broad range of true experiments with precisely controlled conditions, intentional and interference, high level ability to falsify hypotheses, which are typically conducted in physical models or flumes. The also field experiments, more likely be hybrid that involve formal sampling design systems framework, but reduced control over variables, quasi-experiments involving informed selection morphologic units interest substitution experienced judgment for experimental design. Field can differentiated as those at (1) the channel-unit scale ∼0–10 channel widths, such manipulation boundary roughness, sediment supply, instream wood; (2) channel-reach ∼10–100 levee breaches introduction tracer clasts; (3) basin >100 flow regime planform. extensive literature on flume is here divided into focused interactions between boundaries; dynamics (entrainment, transport, deposition); bedforms; (4) (5) processes biota; (6) patterns; (7) erosion cohesive channels; (8) depositional landforms; (9) drainage networks.