Emerging Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance in β-Hemolytic Streptococci.

摘要: Highly variable resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin have been reported in the β-hemolytic streptococcal species Streptococcus pyogenes, agalactiae, dysgalactiae, depending on geographic temporal context. In present study we aimed examine longitudinal trends of antimicrobial these three a northern European setting. Furthermore, used whole genome sequencing identify determinants mobile genetic elements involved their dissemination, as well elucidate phylogenetic relationships. All cases invasive diseases Health Region Bergen, western Norway, period 2004 2018 were retrospectively identified, comprising 271, 358, 280 S. respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed gradual but significant increase for agalactiae dysgalactiae during period. Whole resistant bacterial population substantial diversity dysgalactiae. However, harboring showed remarkable intra- interspecies similarities, suggesting dissemination predominantly through conjugative transfer rather than clonal expansion strains two species. Conversely, pyogenes remained low, apart from transient outbreak emm11/ST403-clone 2010-2012. Increased epidemiological attentiveness is warranted monitor emerging threat streptococci, particularly