A multigene timescale and diversification dynamics of Ciliophora evolution.

摘要: Ciliophora is one of the most diverse lineages unicellular eukaryotes. Nevertheless, a robust timescale including all main and employing properly identified ciliate fossils as primary calibrations lacking. Here, we inferred time-calibrated multigene phylogeny evolution, used this timetree to investigate rates patterns lineage diversification through time. We implemented two-step analytical approach that favored both gene taxon sampling, reducing uncertainty time estimates yielding narrower credibility intervals on ribosomal-derived chronogram. estimate origin at 1143 Ma, which substantially younger than previously proposed ages, huge diversity explosion occurred during Paleozoic. Among current groups recognized classes, Spirotrichea diverged earlier, its was dated ca. 850 Ma, Protocruziea class, with crown age estimated 56 Ma. Macroevolutionary analysis detected significant rate shift in dynamics spirotrichean clade Hypotrichia + Oligotrichia + Choreotrichia, had accelerated speciation 570 Ma, Ediacaran-Cambrian transition. For investigated, declined time, whereas extinction remained low relatively constant throughout evolutionary history ciliates.