Effects of Fishing on the Ecosystem Structure of Coral Reefs

作者: CALLUM M. ROBERTS

DOI: 10.1046/J.1523-1739.1995.9051332.X-I1

关键词:

摘要: : Overfishing is considered one of the three most significant threats to coral reef ecosystems. Exponentially increasing human populations in tropics have placed enormous demands upon reefs as a food source. At high intensities, termed ecosystem or Malthusian overfishing, fishing causes major direct and indirect effects on community structure fishes other organisms. It reduces species diversity leads local extinctions not only target but also fished directly. Conceivably it could lead global extinctions. Loss keystone species, such predators echinoderms, through fishing, can processes, accretion calcium carbonate. Ultimately, sustained heavy may loss entire functional groups resulting impairment potentially important functions provided by those groups. has been shown interact with agents disturbance reduce ability recover from natural occurrences hurricanes. Effective management will require deeper understanding exploitation than we now possess. Research initiatives are underway examine responses fish generally protection fishing. There is, however, an urgent need look beyond communities consider ecosystem. Studies that integrate population biology processes provide much better biodiversity function improve our manage these complex systems. Efecto de la pesca sobre estructura ecosistemica los arrecifes coral Resumen: La sobrepesca es considerada como una las tres amenazas mas significativas para coral. En tropicos, poblaciones humanas en incremento exponencial han impuesto demandas enormes fuentes alimentos. A intensidades altas, denominadas o Maltusiana, causa importantes efectos directos e indirectos comunidad peces y otros organismos. diversidad especies lleva extincion tanto pescadas otras no forma directa. concebible puede tambien llevar extinciones globales. perdida clave por medio pesca, tales predadores equinodermos, tener ejectos procesos biologicos del arrecife, acumulacion carbonato calcio. ultima instancia, intensiva sostenida llever grupos funcionales enteras, lo que resulta pedida funciones ecosistemicas potencialmente provistas estas especies. Se ha demostrado interactua con agentes perturbadores reducir habilidad recuperarse fenomenos naturales huracanes. El manejo pesquero efectivo requerira un entendimiento profundo explotacion. estan llevando cabo iniciativas investigacion examinar respuestas se trata generalmente estudios respuesta proteccion pesca. Existe sin embargo, necesidad urgente mirar alla comunidades considerar totalidad ecosistema. Los integran biologia ecosistemicos, proveerian mejor biodiversidad mejorarian nuestra manejar estos sistemas complejos.

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