Transforming the Vestibular System One Molecule at a Time: The Molecular and Developmental Basis of Vertebrate Auditory Evolution

摘要: We review the molecular basis of auditory development and evolution. propose that periphery (basilar papilla, organ Corti) evolved by transforming a newly created redundant vestibular (gravistatic) endorgan into sensory epithelium could respond to sound instead gravity. Evolution altered this new epithelia’s mechanoreceptive properties through changes hair cells, positioned in unique position near perilymphatic space extract moving between round oval window, transformed its otolith covering tympanic membrane. Another important step evolution an system was set “auditory neurons” apparently from neurons. mammalian (spiral ganglion) neurons coincides with GATA3 being transcription factor found selectively afferents. For information be processed, CNS required dedicated center for processing, nuclei. It is not known whether nucleus ontogenetically related or electroreceptive nuclei, two systems aquatic but amniotic vertebrates, de-novo formation rhombic lip line other novel hindbrain structures such as pontine Like structures, nuclei express exclusively bHLH gene Atoh1, loss Atoh1 results most mice. Only after basilar Corti efferent begin modulate their activity. These efferents likely already present. The simplistic interpretation available data suggest ear, neurons, nucleus, have been altering developmental genetic modules necessary direction conducive extraction, conduction, processing.