Integrative passive acoustic monitoring in Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary

摘要: Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, in the highly productive California Current System, is vital habitat for many marine mammal species. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) an effective means to detect species’ presence and behavior. Using infrastructure of a cabled observatory detection classification sound sources, we examine applications PAM as essential part ecosystem-based research management. The first case study integrates with multidisciplinary data—whale sighting rates, forage abundances, levels primary production, concentrations neurotoxic algal compound, modeling results—to how occurrence patterns humpback whale song reflect ecosystem variations. second takes similar approach blue call occurrence, emphasis on varying methods different types. third examines anthropogenic source: explosives intended deter interference pinnipeds fishing operations. Toward new developments that are proving insightful, consider three further approaches: (1) application unsupervised machine learning advance characterization structure; (2) integration active sensing predator-prey relationships; (3) time-series analyses data from animal tags.