Overtraining in endurance athletes: a brief review.

摘要: Overtraining is an imbalance between training and recovery, exercise capacity, stress tolerance. Stress the sum of nontraining factors. Peripheral (short-term overtraining, STO) or peripheral central fatigue may result (long-term LTO). STO lasting a few days up to 2 wk termed overreaching. associated with fatigue, reduction, stagnation 4 LT performance capacity (performance at mmol lactate comparable criterion), reduction maximum brief competitive incompetence. Recovery achieved within days, so prognosis favorable. LTO weeks months causes overtraining syndrome staleness. The symptomatology has changed over last 50 yr from excitation restlessness (so-called sympathetic form) phlegmatic behavior inhibition parasympathetic form). Increased volume high-intensity level likely culprit. form dominates in endurance sports. Accumulation nonexercise stagnation, mood state disturbances, muscle soreness/stiffness, long-term incompetence can be expected. Complete recovery requires months, unfavorable. Other optional further confirmation requiring findings include changes blood chemistry variables, hormone levels, nocturnal urinary catecholamine excretion. Based on reported, recommendations for monitoring made, but their relevance practice must still clarified.