Are smoking and other lifestyle factors associated with female urinary incontinence? The Norwegian EPINCONT Study.

摘要: Abstract Objective To examine whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, physical activity and intake of alcohol or caffeinated drinks were associated with urinary incontinence in women. Design Cross sectional population-based study. Setting The Norwegian Epidemiology Incontinence the County Nord-Trondelag (EPINCONT) Study is part a large survey performed county Norway during 1995–1997. Population Women ≥20 years (n = 34,755, 75% invited) attended first received questionnaire. There 27,936 (80% source population) women who completed Methods Questionnaire covering several health topics including was at screening station. Logistic regression analysis used to adjust for confounding establish associations different outcomes under investigation: any incontinence, severe stress, urge mixed subtypes. Main outcome measures Effect measure odds ratios corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results Former current smoking but only those smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Severe weakly regardless number cigarettes. association between increasing body mass index strong present all Increasing levels low intensity had weak negative incontinence. Tea drinkers slightly higher risk types We found no important effects high activity, coffee. Conclusions Several potentially are Highest index, heavy tea drinking.