Electron Spins in Quantum Dots as Qubits for Quantum Information Processing

摘要: Coherent manipulation, filtering, and measurement of electronic spin in quantum dots other nanostructures are new technologies which have promising applications both conventional information processing transmission. We review the spintronics proposal for computing, electron spins confined structures play role bits (qubits), discuss essential requirements such an implementation. describe several realizations one- twoqubit gates state preparation measurement, based on all-electrical scheme to control dynamics spin. recently proposed schemes using a single dot as filter read-out device, show how decoherence time can be measured transport set-up. address issue due non-uniform hyperfine interactions with nuclei that electrons decay is non-exponential. Finally, we methods producing detecting spin-entanglement EPR pairs, being important resource communication.