Filamentous Bacteriophages: Biology and Applications

摘要: Filamentous bacteriophages contain a circular single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) genome packaged into long filaments. These phages do not reproduce by lysing bacteria; instead, they are secreted the environment without killing host. Well-studied Escherichia coli K12-infecting Ff (f1, fd or M13) always replicate episomally; however growing number of ‘lysogenic’ chromosomally integrated filamentous Gram-negative bacteria being discovered. The ‘lysogens’ can be induced; phage reproduction does require excision from bacterial chromosome and lyse host cells. Some enhance virulence their organisms, most striking example CTXφ Vibrio cholerae, which encodes cholera toxin. E. workhorse display technology, whose notable ‘products’ therapeutic recombinant antibodies. also used in nanotechnology as templates for assembly nanostructures, has already led to incorporation working nanobattery. Key Concepts: Filamentous filaments (6–7 nm×>500 nm) that DNA genome. Filamentous via rolling circle mechanism, one strand at time. Filamentous cells; released secretion, using dedicated secretion system. Filamentous secretion-assembly requires proton-motive force ATP. Some exclusively episomes, while others integrate genomes chromosome, forming lysogen. Induction lysogen result cell lysis. Ff M13 fd) have been interchangeably vectors helper sequencing, protein platform technology template nanostructures nanotechnology. Keywords: filamentous bacteriophage; ssDNA viruses; phage display; nanotechnology; Vibrio cholerae; E. coli; Xanthomonas; Pseudomonas; bacterial surfaces; bacterial