Regulation of OsmiR156h through Alternative Polyadenylation Improves Grain Yield in Rice

摘要: Substantial increases in grain yield of cereal crops are required to feed a growing human population. Here we show that natural variant SEMIDWARF AND HIGH-TILLERING (SDT) harvest index and productivity rice. Gain-of-function sdt mutation has shortened polyadenylation tail on the OsmiR156h microRNA precursor, which cause up-regulation OsmiR156h. The plants carrying semidominant allele exhibit reduced plant height, enhanced lodging resistance, increased tiller numbers per plant, resulting an yield. We also combining with OsSPL14WFP can be effective simultaneously improving tillering capacity panicle branching, thereby leading higher Most importantly, pyramiding green revolution gene sd1 enhances by about 20% hybrid rice breeding. Our results suggest manipulation status OsmiR156 represents novel strategy for potential over what is currently achievable.