Beak and feather disease virus in wild and captive parrots: an analysis of geographic and taxonomic distribution and methodological trends.

摘要: Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) has emerged in recent years as a major threat to wild parrot populations is an increasing concern aviculturists managers of captive populations. Pathological serological tests for screening the presence virus (BFDV) are critical component efforts manage epidemiological studies. Since was first reported mid-1970s, BFDV been conducted numerous However, at present, there no current readily accessible synthesis their results. Here, we consolidate information collected from 83 PBFD- BFDV-based publications on primary methods being used identify important knowledge gaps regarding potential global hotspots. We present trends research intensity this field critically discuss advances techniques applications both aviculture management threatened Finally, provide overview estimates prevalence flocks alongside complete list all psittacine species which confirmed. Our evaluation highlights need standardised diagnostic more emphasis studies populations, particularly view intrinsic connection between trade companion birds spread novel strains into Increased should be placed within countries origin across Americas, Africa Asia.