HISTORY OF AIR POLLUTION AND DAMAGE TO THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF EUROPEAN CITIES

摘要: The cultural property of Europe suffers enormously from centuries exposure to atmospheric pollution. It is necessary study the history air pollution if we are appreciate thatpollution deposited in past may be responsible for contemporary damage. Patterns fuel use, and more particularly changing types seemed trigger concern about urban past; especially noticeable was transition coal as a fuel. There important differences historical development control policies climate various European cities which lead evolution that they experience. Studies long term change based on use examine civic legal records, travellers' descriptions medical writings. In some scientific measurements pollutants began last century. damage buildings can established by examining old cost nature repairs architects' state exterior. Changes such steam engine also brought protest beginnings modern environmental legislation. However even where there desire cleaner air, weak laws poor technology 19th C failed achieve substantial abatement smoke. A number developments 100 years have led gradual improvement quality many cities, but accompanied shifts type pollutants. Better not always matched proportionately lower rates degradation historic buildings. inside has changed with time. often been high concentrations soot indoor fires while today possibility far wider range