摘要: This chapter describes the current state of models individual blue stragglers. Stellar collisions, binary mergers (or coalescence), and partial or ongoing mass transfer have all been studied in some detail. The products stellar collisions retain memory their parent stars are not fully mixed. Very high initial rotation rates must be reduced by an unknown process to allow collapse main sequence. more massive collision shorter lifetimes than normal same mass, while between low long-lived look very much like mass. Mass can result a merger, produce another system with straggler remnant original primary. cover larger portion colour-magnitude diagram for two reasons: there possible configurations which stragglers, differing contributions blended light system. effects may substantial both merger products, could significant mixing unless angular momentum is lost shortly after formation event. Surface abundances provide ways distinguish mechanisms, but care taken model various mechanisms properly before drawing strong conclusions. Avenues future work outlined.