摘要: Esophageal disease and dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) manifesting as gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) particularly, is most common all gastrointestinal conditions impacting patients on a day-to-day basis. LES can lead to anatomic changes distal esophagus, with GERD-mediated being benign stricture or progression GERD Barrett's esophagus even cancer, hypertension impairing emptying subsequent development pulsion diverticulum. This article details causes, clinical presentation, workup, treatment epiphrenic Other types diverticula (Zenker's midesophageal) are also covered.