摘要: Claims of sustainability are virtually impossible to prove but enough is known about tropical forest ecology and silviculture protect ecosystem functions maintain biodiversity while still deriving financial profits from logging. Rapid improvements in long-term production will derive better planning harvesting operations stand improvement treatments. Lack good management plans generally results logging practices that destroy natural regeneration increase susceptibility soil loss, wildfires, weed infestations. Participation managers, timber importers, researchers, environmentalists the development methods for assessing social ecological impacts forestry inspires hope sustainability.