Locally dispersing populations in heterogeneous dynamic landscapes with spatiotemporal correlations. I. Block disturbance.

摘要: Locally dispersing populations are generally favorably affected by increasing the scale of habitat heterogeneity because they can exploit contiguous patches suitable habitat. Increasing spatial landscape disturbances (such as applying a pesticide to control an unwanted species) drives down population density reasons including dispersal-limited recolonization and resulting increase in temporal variability. Here, we examine how changes disturbance increases: does it due increases correlations type, or decrease various effects larger-scale disturbances? We use simulations, mean field approximations, pair landscape-improved approximations (LIPA), block probabilities investigate model locally species on dynamic with spatiotemporally structured heterogeneous Pesticide is applied at given scale, leaving unsuitable for some time before dissipating allowing revert state. found that (while keeping overall rate fixed) density, but only when turnover slow relative dynamics somewhat close its extinction threshold. Applying measures larger scales may allow them be more effective same treatment rate. The optimal strategy depends both availability well measure being used. For large-scale our model, possible analytically calculate types over arbitrary scales. However, exact triplet approximating still neglects information needed accurately predict simulation results, showing distribution have important effect dynamics.