The herbivorous fish family Kyphosidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) represents a recent radiation from higher latitudes

摘要: Aim: Herbivorous reef fishes are considered to have difficulty digesting plant material at extratropical temperatures and thus largely restricted tropical waters where they thought evolved. However, the herbivorous Kyphosidae, with both temperate species, provides an ideal opportunity test this view. Previous studies resolved taxonomy distribution patterns of all species. Here, we use a calibrated phylogeny analyse age, geographical origin pattern diversification kyphosids determine their origins in space time, refine hypotheses on evolutionary herbivory fishes. Location: Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Indian Western Australia. Methods: The age geographic Kyphosidae were determined by incorporating fossil calibrations species distributions onto extant based fragments from mitochondrial markers three nuclear markers, using Bayesian modelling reconstruct ancestral distributions. Evolution diet tooth shape was also examined reconstruction. Results: Ancestral reconstruction suggested subtropical, Southern Hemisphere Indo-Pacific for family. chronogram indicates that Kyphosus originated early Miocene diversity reflects very recent diversification. Main conclusions: Contrary general perception invaded high latitudes tropics, evolved intermediate subsequently diversified into low several dispersed recently achieve circumglobal southern temperate/subtropical environment appears generated episodes several, well-established, widespread fish taxa. Some these taxa remained environments despite long tenure Cenozoic (e.g. odacines aplodactylids), some such as which hemispheres resulting regional endemics worldwide