Colchicine, trifluralin, and oryzalin promoted development of somatic embryos in Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae)

摘要: A protocol for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of Ilexparaguariensis St. Hil. from embryos cultures was developed. Heart stage zygotic were removed seeds immature, light green fruit treated with antimicrotubule agents (0.1; 0.2, 0.5% colchicine 24 48 h; 1; 10, 20 μM either trifluralin, ααα- trifluoro- 2,6-dinitro-N,N- dipropyl-p-toluidine, or oryzalin, 3,5-dinitro-N4, N-dipropylsulphate during h). The cultured aseptically on quarter-strength Murashige Skoog medium containing 3% sucrose, 0.65% agar (1/4MS), 0.46 zeatin. Cultures incubated in darkness at 27 ± 2 °C. All thetreatments provoked a diminution the number germinated some induced. Somatic embryo maturation conversion into whole plants could be achieved by culturing 1/4MS lacking hormones °C, 14 h photoperiod (116 μmol m-2s-1). Mostof regenerated appeared morphologically normaland grew under greenhouse conditions. Only out 152 studied contained tetraploid chromosomes (2n = 4x 80), meanwhile rest had normal diploid =2x 40). abnormal morphology also observed.