Phytochemicals as potential hypoglycemic agents

摘要: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose concentration (hyperglycemia) which due to insulin deficiency and/or resistance. Hyperglycemia occurs because the liver and skeletal muscle cannot store glycogen tissues are unable take up utilize glucose. Treatment of diabetes afforded following: (i) diet exercise, (ii) replacement therapy (iii) use oral hypoglycemic agents. In folklore, variety plant extracts have been used treat diabetic patients for centuries. Folklore has given field medicine many useful drugs, such pharmacologic prototypes include Digitalis(digitoxin, digoxin), Atropa, Hyoscyamnsand Datura(atropine, scopolamine), Catharanthus(vincristine, vinblastine), Erythroxylon(cocaine), Claviceps(ergonovine, ergotamine), Papaver(morphine, codeine papaverine), Pilocarpus(pilocarpine) Rauvolfia(reserpine, rescinnamine, deserpidine), Cinchona(quinine, quinidine); others. Obviously evaluation plants their active constituents proven very way obtaining several therapeutic Hence, logical review having activity could provide clues new Plant reportedly possessing can be classified as follows: o 1. Alkaloids; 2. Flavonoids related compounds; 3. Glycosides/Steroids/Terpenoids; 4. Polysaccharides/ Proteins; and 5. Miscellaneous compounds Phytoconstituents based upon above classification discussed including selected names listed alphabetically according genus. Appropriate data on pharmacological activity, mechanisms action (where applicable), other relevant properties discussed.