Genetic-Based Biofortification of Staple Food Crops to Meet Zinc and Iron Deficiency-Related Challenges

摘要: Zinc and iron are essential micronutrients for human growth, development, maintenance of the immune system in high level. Iron zinc needed psychomotor physical activity, resistance to infection. Malnutrition associated with deficiencies has become one critical problems world’s populations especially large proportion infants, pregnant women, lactating elderly males. body prevalent because diet status agricultural soils consequential low amounts staple food crops such as rice, wheat, maize, others. In most parts world incidence Zn Fe deficiency body, have quantity phytoavailable iron, resulting nutritional quality harvested grains. To address occurrence micronutrient deficiencies, plant scientists concentrating formulate methods apply fertilizers and/or use breeding strategies increase bioavailability mineral elements edible portion crop plants. These approaches termed “agronomic” (fertilizer based) “genetic” (breeding biofortification, respectively. Biofortification, an approach enrich content agriculture produce, involves that spin around targeting modulation movement pathways (root uptake, transport, remobilization, storage, enhanced bioavailability) nutrients, “pulling” nutrients from soil, “pushing” them economic plants their bioavailable forms. The three major followed till date biofortifying include agronomic-based, breeding-based, genetic engineering-based biofortification. combat drawbacks supplementation/fortification, “biofortification” is a promising, viable, effective route delivering nutrient-rich compete hidden hunger, particularly rural population.