Long-term carbon dioxide and hydrofluorocarbon emissions from commercial space cooling and refrigeration in India: a detailed analysis within an integrated assessment modelling framework

摘要: Quantification of greenhouse gas emissions is a critical research gap for space cooling and refrigeration applications in Indian commercial buildings. This especially relevant as these services are expected to grow rapidly future driven by economic growth urbanisation. paper focuses on two which highly energy emission intensive, quantifies their carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) through soft-linking top-down model with bottom-up approach. An integrated assessment modelling framework Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM)-IIM used energy-related under business-as-usual scenario. In addition CO2 occurring from electricity use, buildings emit another set potent gases, emanating application HFCs coolant. substitute ozone-depleting precursors applications. Countries across the world have agreed phase down Montreal Protocol. Before we can analyse cost-effective options bring emissions, it important quantify assess amount that could be avoided future. Our sets up baseline HFC India air-conditioning sectors finds potential mitigation due Kigali Amendment. A detailed undertaken found that, if unabated, sector will surge mere 1.8 million tonne (Mt) CO2e 2015 211 Mt 2050, whereas rise 37 297 same period. We also highlight role management practices regulation curbing building sector.