Blockchain-Based Proof of Delivery of Physical Assets With Single and Multiple Transporters

摘要: With the widespread of E-commerce, need a trusted system to ensure delivery traded items is crucial. Current proof (PoD) systems lacks transparency, traceability, and credibility. These are mostly centralized rely on third parties (TTPs) complete between sellers buyers. TTPs can be costly, single point failure, subject hacking, privacy evasion, compromise. The blockchain an immutable, trusted, decentralized ledger with logs events that used for tracking. In this paper, we present solution general framework using popular permissionless Ethereum create PoD ensures accountability, auditability, integrity. uses smart contracts prove shipped item seller buyer irrespective number intermediate transporters needed. our proposed solution, all participating entities incentivized act honestly by double deposit collateral. Automated payment in ether integral part every entity gets its intended share upon successful delivery. An arbitration mechanism also incorporated if dispute arises during shipping process. show how implemented, verified, tested proper functionality solution. We provide security analysis give estimates cost consumption gas. made full code publicly available at Github.