Assessment of spatial and temporal variations of high water mark indicators

摘要: Abstract The high water mark (HWM) is commonly used as a boundary for coastal management and planning. Due to the dynamic nature of environment, determination HWM can be difficult may vary based on indicators unique location. Using remote-sensing image analysis techniques, this study evaluates spatial temporal variation several indicators. These include vegetation lines, frontal dune toe, mean spring (MHWS)/mean higher (MHHW), lines (HWL). Other linear boundaries defined by agencies various applications are also For improved property management, uses an enhanced Spatial Continuity Swash Probability (SCSP) model indicator excluding runup parameter regarding Tide (SCTP). In order better account sudden shape changes, extended instead simple Hausdorff distance has been measure seasonal position. Monte Carlo simulation DEM data Fractal Dimension (FD) techniques were examine uncertainties due both precision input processing used. Two case areas in Western Australia with varying conditions have selected evaluate approach. Coogee Beach South Fremantle Cooke Point Port Hedland. Results indicate that variations changes about one magnitude larger than data. This behaviour, while present at areas, more significant having sandy beach wave energy.