Spatial knowledge management tools in urban development

摘要: Different forms of spatial knowledge (expert, tacit, sector and community knowledge) are a strategic resource in urban development. Research methods concerning participatory data collection analysis that elicit integrate the various or co-produce through collaboration between scholars practitioners have potential to inform local action public policy. Recent developments (geo)information technology tools extended opportunities for production, use exchange. Such technical advances both enhance wider access understanding as well result more exclusive processes. Although such generally been preserve professionals there increasing examples which suggest they might offer some inclusionary benefits like case collaborative Map Kibera project (http://www.mapkiberaproject.org/) digital geo-referenced database physical socio-demographic an informal settlement is created shared, provision user-generated on Google Earth Maps. While opens up new avenues management, reliability type transmitted will become pressing issue due open internet platforms lack control information reference data. We start paper with theoretical discussion management models, followed by review available exchange knowledge. Building our own work Asia, Africa, Latin America, we highlight key challenges, added value its limitations argue although much progress has happened, development alone not able fully address issues regarding greater accountability, empowerment, information. These may also foster social exclusion, could hinder context sustainability.