Cosmological Simulations of Early Blackhole Formation: Halo Mergers, Tidal Disruption, and the Conditions for Direct Collapse
作者： Naoki Yoshida , Shingo Hirano , Takashi Hosokawa , Sunmyon Chon
DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/832/2/134
关键词:
摘要: Gravitational collapse of a massive primordial gas cloud is thought to be promising path for the formation supermassive blackholes in early universe. We study conditions so-called direct (DC) blackhole fully cosmological context. combine semianalytic model galaxy with halo merger trees constructed from dark matter $N$-body simulations. locate total 68 possible DC sites volume $20\;h^{-1}\;\mathrm{Mpc}$ on side. then perform hydrodynamics simulations 42 selected halos detail evolution clouds within them. find only two successful cases where rapidly form stars. In other cases, gravitational prevented by tidal force exerted nearby halo, which otherwise should serve as radiation source necessary DC. Ram pressure stripping disturbs approaching source. many and its light merge before onset collapse. Only when assembled through major mergers, density increases trigger instability. Based our simulations, we conclude that event rate an order magnitude smaller than reported previous studies, although absolute still poorly constrained. It follow dynamical halo(s) determine critical flux
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