Reviewing the effects of food provisioning on wildlife immunity

摘要: While urban expansion increasingly encroaches on natural habitats, many wildlife species capitalize anthropogenic food resources, which have the potential to both positively and negatively influence their responses infection. Here we examine how availability key nutrients been reported shape innate adaptive immunity in by drawing from field-based studies, as well captive restriction studies with species. Examples of provisioning enhancing immune function were seen across three study type distinctions, cases trace metals pharmaceuticals impairing More generally, field tended increase certain challenges, whereas patterns less clear studies. Mild often enhanced, severe frequently impaired immunity. However, enable stronger conclusions stress a need for further research, especially highlight importance integrating nutritional manipulation, challenge, functional outcomes. Despite current gaps research this topic, modern high throughput molecular approaches are feasible offer great opportunities better understand human influences health.This article is part theme issue 'Anthropogenic resource subsidies host-parasite dynamics wildlife'.