Environmental changes and plant use during the 5th-14th centuries in medieval Gdańsk, northern Poland

摘要: This paper reviews the results of many years investigations on ecological aspects settlement development in oldest districts city Gdansk, impacts changing climate and growing human pressure local environment, as well question plant use by inhabitants during Middle Ages. Before was established, landscape dominated alder woods shallow water bodies extensive wetlands Wisla estuary. An important factor making possible probably lowering table around 9th–10th centuries ad, causing a reduction wetland. Archaeobotanical are consistent with archaeological data periods at which particular town were settled. They provide evidence earliest changes to natural starting Stare Miasto (“Old Town”) 11th–12th centuries, Glowne (“Main 12th–13th Wyspa Spichrzow (“Granary Island”) 13th–14th centuries. The gradual expansion caused diversification flora. Natural wetland communities semi-natural wet meadows pastures still common within settled area until 14th century. On other hand, rapid spread built-up areas, roads gardens allowed growth ruderal vegetation there. historical shows diverse foods diet