Effect of synthesis route on the multiferroic properties of BiFeO3: A comparative study between solid state and sol–gel methods

摘要: Abstract Polycrystalline BiFeO3 (BFO) powder was prepared through optimized solid state (SS) and sol–gel (SG) reaction methods. The effect of preparation routes on the crystal purity multiferroic properties BFO investigated. Sol–gel synthesis results almost a single-phase material at relatively lower temperatures while solid-state method into with small amount Bi2Fe4O9 secondary phase. grain size SG processed sample reduces to half one that is by SS. Elemental analysis shows stoichiometric Bi:Fe content for samples restricting Bi loss. In comparison SS samples, dielectric constant exhibit higher values Maxwell–Wagner type dispersion. A cusp 50 K seen in M–T curves which no frequency dependence observed a.c susceptibility measurements ruling out earlier predictions spin glass nature this system. M−H loops show typical antiferromagnetic 300 K weak ferromagnetic behavior found 10 K. slight increase HC Mr over improved makes it more promising applications.