Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Malformations Associated with Heterotaxy

摘要: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used as an investigation during fetal life, particularly for assessment of intracranial masses, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, myelomeningocele, and abdominal masses. As the number scans increases, so variety malformations being recognized. It axiomatic that interpretation findings enhanced when attention paid to likely in setting known syndromes, this information then dictating need additional acquisition images. One such syndrome so-called “visceral heterotaxy”, which there typically isomeric, rather than a lateralized, arrangement thoracic organs. Typically associated with complex cardiac malformations, heterotaxy can also involve central nervous system, produce pulmonary, gastrointestinal, immunologic, genitourinary malformations. In review, we discuss how these be demonstrated using MRI.