Phase shift induces currents in a periodic tube.

摘要: The average current of an overdamped Brownian particle moving along the axis a three-dimensional periodic tube is investigated in presence symmetric potential and temporally unbiased external force. Reduction spatial dimensionality from two or three physical dimensions to effective one-dimensional system entails appearance not only entropic barrier but also diffusion coefficient. authors find that phase shift between shape can break symmetry induce net currents. Under optimal condition, as function temperature possesses many extrema alternating signs. may reverse its direction several times when changed. authors’ model describe movement molecular motors microtubule.