Female Infidelity and Paternal Uncertainty: Preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications as an adaptive response to unfamiliar semen

摘要: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of prenatal infant mortality (Mac Gillivray, 1983; Robillard, Dekker, & Hulsey, 2002). occurs as consequence abnormal invasion by the trophoblast in uterine spiral arteries and endothelial cell dysfunction (Friedman, 1993), fetus may not receive adequate nutrition resulting growth retardation. Whereas all mammalian embryos undergo implantation shortly after conception, humans are only species known to second phase deep trophoblastic at end first trimester (Robillard et al ., 2003). In normal development, this stage provides for modification that result an increase blood flow placenta. believed be failure achieve or complete It clinically diagnosed maternal hypertension proteinuria. The results from cytotrophic factors released serve amount flowing placenta (Haig, 1993). has been theorized origins preeclampsia linked cranial capacity associated with genus Homo greater nutritional needs developing brain human fetus, compared more modest brains lower capacities, hypothesized explain wave characteristic humans.