Planning, implementation, and scientific goals of the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC 4 RS) field mission

摘要: The Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) field mission based at Ellington Field, Texas, during August September 2013 employed the most comprehensive airborne payload to date investigate atmospheric composition over North America. NASA ER-2, DC-8, SPEC Inc. Learjet flew 57 science flights from surface 20 km. ER-2 seven remote sensing instruments as a satellite surrogate eight in situ instruments. DC-8 23 five for radiation, chemistry, microphysics. used 11 explore cloud SEAC4RS launched numerous balloons, augmented Aerosol RObotic NETwork, collaborated with many existing ground measurement sites. Flights investigating convection included close coordination all three aircraft. Coordinated investigated optical properties aerosols, influence aerosols on clouds, performance new measurements clouds aerosols. sorties sampled stratospheric injections water vapor other chemicals local distant convection. studied seasonally evolving chemistry Southeastern U.S., lower emissions NOx SO2 than previous decades, isoprene under high low conditions different locations, organic air pollution near Houston petroleum fields, smoke wildfires western forests agricultural fires Mississippi Valley, ways which boundary layer upper troposphere were influenced vertical transport convective clouds.