Mass Action and Conservation of Current

摘要: The law of mass action does not force a series chemical reactions to have the same current flow everywhere. Interruption far-away stop everywhere in (analyzed according action), and so obey Maxwell’s equations. An additional constraint equation is needed enforce global continuity current. introduced this paper special case that reaction describes spatial movement through narrow channels. In case, fully consistent treatment possible using different models charge movement. general must be dealt with by variational methods consistency all physical laws involved. Violations arise away from equilibrium, when flows, applied nonequilibrium situation, systems considered was originally derived. Device design world difficult because simple are obeyed way. Rate constants found experimentally change one set conditions another. robust most cases cannot serve role circuit do our electrical technology. Robust device designs will until embedded generalization model energy dissipation.