作者: Tomi Akinyemiju , Semaw Abera , Muktar Ahmed , Noore Alam , Mulubirhan Assefa Alemayohu
DOI: 10.1001/JAMAONCOL.2017.3055
关键词:
摘要: Importance Liver cancer is among the leading causes of deaths globally. The most common for liver include hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV) infection alcohol use. Objective To report results Global Burden Disease (GBD) 2015 study on primary incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) 195 countries or territories from 1990 to 2015, present global, regional, national estimates burden attributable HBV, HCV, alcohol, an “other” group that encompasses residual causes. Design, Settings, Participants Mortality was estimated using vital registration registry data in ensemble modeling approach. Single-cause mortality were adjusted all-cause mortality. Incidence derived mortality-to-incidence ratio. Through a systematic literature review, proportions due other identified. Years life lost calculated by multiplying each death standard expectancy. Prevalence ratio as surrogate survival. Total prevalence divided into 4 sequelae multiplied disability weights derive years lived with (YLDs). DALYs sum YLDs. Main Outcomes Measures YLDs, lost, etiology, age, sex, country, year. Results There 854 000 incident cases 810 000 globally contributing 20 578 000 DALYs. Cases increased 75% between which 47% can be explained changing population age structures, 35% growth, −8% age-specific incidence rates. male-to-female age-standardized 2.8. Globally, HBV accounted 265 000 (33%), 245 000 (30%), HCV 167 000 (21%), 133 000 (16%) deaths, substantial variation underlying etiologies. Conclusions Relevance many countries. Causes differ widely populations. Our show prevented through vaccination, antiviral treatment, safe blood transfusion injection practices, well interventions reduce excessive In line Sustainable Development Goals, identification elimination risk factors will required achieve sustained reduction burden. GBD used guide these prevention efforts.