The Basic Immune Simulator: An agent-based model to study the interactions between innate and adaptive immunity

摘要: We introduce the Basic Immune Simulator (BIS), an agent-based model created to study interactions between cells of innate and adaptive immune system. Innate immunity, initial host response a pathogen, generally precedes which generates memory for antigen. The BIS simulates basic cell types, mediators antibodies, consists three virtual spaces representing parenchymal tissue, secondary lymphoid tissue lymphatic/humoral circulation. includes Graphical User Interface (GUI) facilitate its use as educational research tool. was used qualitatively examine viral infection. Calibration accomplished via parameter sweep agent population size, comparison simulation patterns those reported in science literature. demonstrated that degree crucial determinant appropriate response. Deficiency or excess immunity resulted excessive proliferation cells. any system components increased probability failure clear simulated behavior matches both normal pathological generic infection scenario. Thus, effectively translates mechanistic cellular molecular knowledge regarding reproduces system's complex behavioral patterns. can be tool demonstrate emergence these systematically identify potential targets more effective treatment strategies diseases processes including hypersensitivity reactions (allergies, asthma), autoimmunity cancer. believe useful addition growing suite in-silico platforms adjunct traditional efforts.