Differentiation of both rod and cone types of photoreceptors in the in vivo and in vitro developing pineal glands of the quail

摘要: Abstract The avian pineal is a photo-endocrinal organ and considered to synthesize secrete melatonin in an intrapineal rhythm which can be modified by direct light stimulation of the photoreceptors. Since retina contains numerous different types photoreceptors, at least 6 quail retina, it interesting ask how many photoreceptors are present pineal. In study, we have identified two organ, one appears rod-like other cone-like, using immunohistochemical method with highly specific anti-chicken rhodopsin anti-iodopsin monoclonal antibodies. Rhodopsin-immunoreactive (Rho-I) cells were much larger number than iodopsin-immunoreactive (Iodo-I) cells. During development, Rho-I first observed embryonic day 13 (E13: days incubation), whereas Iodo-I found E15. showed neurite-like processes, but had few, if any, processes. We developed new culture system for cell differentiation seeding on nitrocellulose membrane filters. By this both differentiated vitro: more fine processes cells, similar those seen intact developing With relation between photoreceptor sympathetic innervation was examined vitro. Norepinephrine (NE) significantly suppressed vitro when pineals removed from E8 embryos cultured presence NE, transmitters, dopamine, acetylcholine γ-aminobutyric acid, not effective. As development proceeded, NE gradually became less initiated later E13, suggest that most disturbed their vivo differentiation. This view differs substantially rat pineals, which, as shown our previous do contain show newborn rats transferred condition.