Investigating actual landing and takeoff operations for time-in-mode, fuel and emissions parameters on domestic routes in Turkey

摘要: Abstract Operational landing and takeoff standards developed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in 1970s, have been widely-used fuel consumption emissions models or inventory studies. However, these generic may cause significant uncertainties due to changes air transport system over time appear remain highly conservative. To quantify uncertainty caused using operational standards, this study, effects of actual flow time-in-mode more than 9000 different domestic flights, performed five narrow-bodied aircraft with seven engine, on averages burn are investigated. Compared simple approach, suggested ICAO, results indicate considerably lower mode averages, particularly during taxi-out (42%) climb (45%) phases, even for high traffic volume airports. The greatest differences observed approach phases. As a result data, found be 35% ICAO values. In addition, low altitude level flight phase flow, thrust reverser taxi-in stop acceleration taxi ways discussed. With regard emissions, cycle hydrocarbon carbon monoxide 34% lower, while nitrogen oxide 38% those given database. Analyses related mass that oxides between lightest heaviest 3% −26%, respectively. analyses reveal considering time-in-modes can significantly higher compared standards.