Strategies for the Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Units: A Review

摘要: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) accounts for 80-90% of hospital-acquired pneumonia cases in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). VAP occurs 48-72 hours after intubation, and is observed in 27-29% patients with endotracheal tube, its risk increases with the increase duration mechanical ventilation. In this review study, papers published from 1996-2018 were used to investigate strategies for preventing ICU patients. For purpose, English articles full text available on ProQuest, SID, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar Scopus databases searched online using keywords related to chest physiotherapy title or abstract. A total 50 (from 10 different countries) covering both qualitative quantitative studies Persian conducted last 19 years (since 1999) selected. Those which not a review/research paper their were unavailable excluded review. Among nosocomial infections, most common cause death, leading cause death ICUs. Physical significant effect the reduction included: Orotracheal closed suctioning, use humidifier and moisturizer, physiotherapy. Effective positional were: kinetic beds, semi-recumbent position (45 degrees), prone position. medication strategy of topical intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis.