Evaluating health service coverage in Ghana’s Volta Region using a modified Tanahashi model

摘要: Background: The United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals have reaffirmed the international community's commitment to maternal, newborn, and child health, with further investments in achieving quality essential service coverage financial protection for all.Objective: Using a modified version of 1978 Tanahashi model as an analytical framework measuring assessing health coverage, this paper aims examine system care at community level Ghana's Volta Region highlight continued reforms needed achieve Universal Health Coverage.Methods: evaluates through five key measures that reflect different stages along provision continuum: availability services; accessibility; initial contact system; utilization; coverage. Data from cross-sectional household facility surveys were used study. Immunization antenatal services selected tracer interventions serve proxies assess systems bottlenecks.Results: Financial access identified biggest bottlenecks both indicators. accessibility, measured by enrollment National Insurance Scheme was poor 16.94% presenting valid membership cards. Childhood immunization high but dropped modestly 93.8% 76.7% For care, estimates ranged 65.9% visit 25.1% coverage.Conclusion: Results difficulty levels large variations exist within provided primary level. While vertical been prioritized benefit specific services, comprehensive approach needs be strengthened reach Coverage objectives.