Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients with Systemic Hypertension without Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: The Role of Nitric Oxide

摘要: Essential hypertension is a disease characterized, in its established form, by increased systemic vascular resistance with normal cardiac output. The fundamental abnormality of this process resides at the level small arteries, those diameter ranging between 50 and 400 microns that create to blood flow. Although precise mechanism accounting for microvasculature leads elevated pressure unknown, likely heterogenous, microvascular dysfunction core hypertensive constitutes pathophysiological basis most clinically relevant complications hypertension. Further, may also be responsible symptoms chest pain patients essential hypertension, possibly secondary myocardial ischemia results from an imbalance vasoconstrictor vasodilator forces coronary microcirculation [1,2]. Finally, ultimately structural phase characterizes end stage disease, including central nervous system damage, nephropathy, congestive heart failure as result cardiomyopathy. This chapter will review evidence speculate on mechanisms focus role potential decreased activity endothelial nitric oxide vasculature.